Energy
Measure by task, payload, terrain and state.
Deployment evaluation · 16
Energy and duty cycle
Count active work, waiting, warm-up, thermal limits, charging, battery exchange and restart within the real shift.
Evidence statusEngineering evidence framework · task and site validation requiredLast reviewed: 14 August 2026
16
FUURAA thesis
Battery runtime is not productive availability when the work system includes interruptions and support.
Engineering map
Turn the title into engineering objects that can be observed, measured and reviewed.
Each layer states the boundary to establish and the evidence needed for the next decision.
Thermal
Track derating, cool-down and environment.
Shift flow
Model charging, exchange, queue and recovery.
Verification questions
Write the questions first, then decide whether a demo, test, pilot or operating record can answer them.
Each question needs an object, conditions, denominator, threshold and accountable decision owner.
- 01
How much energy produces useful work?
- 02
Which states consume hidden time?
- 03
What changes with payload and terrain?
- 04
Can charging preserve safe coverage?
Evidence to preserve
Enable the next reader to reconstruct conditions, results, failures and the decision.
A conclusion alone loses reviewability; raw records, configuration and exclusions matter too.
- 01
Evidence package 1
State-resolved energy trace
- 02
Evidence package 2
Thermal and derating record
- 03
Evidence package 3
Shift-level availability model
Scope boundary
State what this evidence still cannot be generalised to.
- 01
Nominal battery capacity or a no-load endurance test does not establish productive duty cycle.
- 02
This is an engineering reading and decision framework; it does not replace application-specific risk assessment, conformity work, procurement acceptance or professional advice.
Sources and evidence status
Read standards scope, measurement evidence and application conclusions separately.
Source dates and review status remain visible; external sources open in a new tab.
01
NIST · Updated 2024-08-16 · verified 2026-08-14
↗02Standard test methods for response robots
Develops repeatable measures for mobility, manipulation, sensing, endurance, communications, operator proficiency, logistics and safety.
ISO · Published 2026-07-24
↗ISO 18646-5:2026 — Locomotion performance for legged robots
Defines methods for specifying and evaluating locomotion performance of complete legged robots.