Command
Trace how intent becomes actuation, including shared or global inputs.
Reading method · 04
Map control, observation and retrieval
Treat field generation, localisation, imaging, communication, operator decisions, containment and end-of-mission recovery as one architecture.
Evidence statusResearch-frontier evidence framework · stage, material, control and retrieval validation requiredLast reviewed: 16 August 2026
04
FUURAA thesis
A robot that cannot be reliably observed or accounted for is not a complete controllable system.
Engineering map
Turn the title into engineering objects that can be observed, measured and reviewed.
Each layer states the boundary to establish and the evidence needed for the next decision.
Observe
State resolution, update rate, occlusion, identity and uncertainty.
Recover
Define stop, neutralisation, degradation, retrieval and accounting paths.
Verification questions
Write the questions first, then decide whether a demo, test, pilot or operating record can answer them.
Each question needs an object, conditions, denominator, threshold and accountable decision owner.
- 01
Can every relevant state be observed in time?
- 02
Does one global field control individuals or only the collective?
- 03
What happens after localisation or imaging is lost?
- 04
How is every device or material accounted for?
Evidence to preserve
Enable the next reader to reconstruct conditions, results, failures and the decision.
A conclusion alone loses reviewability; raw records, configuration and exclusions matter too.
- 01
Evidence package 1
Command-observation architecture
- 02
Evidence package 2
Lost-observation and stop tests
- 03
Evidence package 3
Retrieval, degradation and residual-material record
Scope boundary
State what this evidence still cannot be generalised to.
- 01
External magnetic, acoustic or optical control must not be described as onboard autonomy, and visibility in one model does not establish observability in every environment.
- 02
This is an engineering reading and decision framework; it does not replace application-specific risk assessment, conformity work, procurement acceptance or professional advice.
Sources and evidence status
Read standards scope, measurement evidence and application conclusions separately.
Source dates and review status remain visible; external sources open in a new tab.
01
ETH Zurich · Published 2025-11-13 · verified 2026-08-16
↗02Magnetically guided microrobots for targeted drug delivery
Integrates a soluble capsule, magnetic navigation, X-ray visibility, catheter release and drug delivery, with testing in vascular models and large animals.
Harbin Institute of Technology · Published 2025-10-31 · verified 2026-08-16
↗03Microscale fish-like robot swarms for drug-delivery research
Reports magnetic coordination, three-dimensional motion, aggregation and shape-adaptive attachment, including ultrasound-guided control in in-vitro models.
U.S. Food and Drug Administration · Final guidance 2014-06 · verified 2026-08-16
↗Considering whether an FDA-regulated product involves nanotechnology
Explains that dimension-dependent properties may require particular, product-specific attention to safety, effectiveness, quality and regulatory status.