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EmergingIndustry, Economy & Capital1–3 years
Complementary capital determines AI returns
Models alone rarely generate durable productivity. Data quality, worker skills, management practices and process redesign act as complementary capital that converts technical capability into economic value.
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development20 June 2025Reviewed 26 July 2026
FUURAA original conceptual visualWhat the evidence indicates
A concise reading of the source
Models alone rarely generate durable productivity. Data quality, worker skills, management practices and process redesign act as complementary capital that converts technical capability into economic value.
FUURAA interpretation
Why this could matter
Budgeting should include the surrounding system, not only model access.
How to read this signal
A direction still taking shape
Multiple developments point in this direction, but timing, adoption and outcomes remain open.
