Phase inventory
List loading, teaching, automatic work, hand-off, inspection, clearing and recovery.
Deployment evaluation · 13
Risk-reduction mode
Name the collaborative method used in every task phase, including foreseeable faults, intervention and restart.
Evidence statusEngineering decision framework · application validation requiredLast reviewed: 13 August 2026
13
FUURAA thesis
A cell may use different collaborative and non-collaborative modes across one cycle; each needs its own evidence.
Engineering map
Turn the title into engineering objects that can be observed, measured and reviewed.
Each layer states the boundary to establish and the evidence needed for the next decision.
Protective method
Assign monitored stop, hand guiding, speed-and-separation or power-and-force limiting where applicable.
Residual risk
Record hazards that remain, information for use and responsible acceptance.
Verification questions
Write the questions first, then decide whether a demo, test, pilot or operating record can answer them.
Each question needs an object, conditions, denominator, threshold and accountable decision owner.
- 01
Which protective method applies in each phase?
- 02
What triggers transition to a safer state?
- 03
Which faults invalidate the method?
- 04
Who accepted the residual risk?
Evidence to preserve
Enable the next reader to reconstruct conditions, results, failures and the decision.
A conclusion alone loses reviewability; raw records, configuration and exclusions matter too.
- 01
Evidence package 1
Task-phase and protective-method matrix
- 02
Evidence package 2
Safety-function validation by phase
- 03
Evidence package 3
Residual-risk and information-for-use record
Scope boundary
State what this evidence still cannot be generalised to.
- 01
Selecting a named collaborative method does not prove it is correctly implemented in the final cell.
- 02
This is an engineering reading and decision framework; it does not replace application-specific risk assessment, conformity work, procurement acceptance or professional advice.
Sources and evidence status
Read standards scope, measurement evidence and application conclusions separately.
Source dates and review status remain visible; external sources open in a new tab.
01
ISO · 2025-02
↗02ISO 10218-1:2025 — Safety requirements for industrial robots
Defines robot-level safety requirements and incorporates collaborative-operation requirements into the 2025 framework.
ISO · 2025-02
↗03ISO 10218-2:2025 — Industrial robot applications and robot cells
Addresses integration, commissioning, operation, maintenance and decommissioning of complete industrial robot applications and cells.
ISO · 2016-02 · confirmed 2022
↗ISO/TS 15066:2016 — Collaborative robots
Specifies safety requirements for collaborative industrial robot systems and work environments and supplements ISO 10218.